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The Shipibo Conibo and the Ashaninka indigenous peoples of the Amazon have developed through the eons cosmological beliefs, rituals, and practices which are collated into their cosmological visions. 

Shipibo Cosmovisión

• Interconnectedness of All Life 
• At the heart of Shipibo cosmovisión is the profound belief in the interconnectedness of all life forms. They perceive themselves as integral components of the natural world, where humans, animals, plants, and spirits exist in an intricate web of relationships. This worldview informs their actions, fostering a deep sense of responsibility towards maintaining harmony with nature.

• Sacred Geometry (Kené)
  

The Shipibo's intricate geometric patterns, or "kené," are far more than just decorative art; they are living representations of their cosmovisión. Each kené pattern is associated with a specific plant or spirit and embodies a unique spiritual essence. During Ayahuasca ceremonies, these patterns are believed to come alive, serving as guides and protectors during spiritual journeys.

• Ayahuasca as a Sacred Sacrament

Ayahuasca, often referred to as "the vine of the soul," is the centerpiece of Shipibo spirituality. It is considered a sacred sacrament that connects individuals to the spiritual realm. During Ayahuasca ceremonies, the Shipibo believe they can communicate with plant spirits, seek guidance, and receive healing. The shamans, who are experts in navigating this realm, play a pivotal role in facilitating these journeys.

• Role of Healers (Curanderos)

Curanderos, or traditional healers, are highly esteemed in Shipibo culture. They acquire their knowledge and abilities through extensive training, including apprenticeships with experienced shamans. These healers are believed to have the power to diagnose and treat illnesses, not only on the physical but also on the spiritual and emotional levels.

• Community and Collective Harmony

Shipibo communities are characterized by a strong sense of unity and collective well-being. Major decisions are made through communal consensus, with elders and respected members of the community playing crucial roles in guiding discussions. This communal ethos reflects their belief that collective harmony is essential for maintaining balance both within their communities and with the natural world.

Ashaninka Cosmovisión

• Spiritual Connection to the Forest:

For the Ashaninka, the forest is not just a physical environment; it is a spiritual realm inhabited by powerful spirits. They view the forest as the source of their sustenance, spirituality, and cultural identity. Their cosmovisión revolves around living in balance with this sacred environment.

• Ancestral Spirits:

Ancestral spirits are ever-present in Ashaninka life. They believe that their ancestors continue to watch over and guide them. Rituals and ceremonies, including offerings and prayers, are conducted to honor these spirits and seek their wisdom and protection.

• Sustainable Agriculture and Resource Management:
• Ashaninka communities practice sustainable agriculture through swidden or shifting cultivation. This involves rotating agricultural plots to allow the forest to regenerate and maintain soil fertility. Their agricultural practices are deeply rooted in their belief in preserving the forest and living harmoniously with it.
• Oral Tradition and Mythology:

Oral tradition is a cornerstone of Ashaninka culture. Elders pass down knowledge, cultural values, and ethical principles through storytelling and myths. These narratives often contain moral lessons and emphasize the importance of respecting the natural world and the spirits that inhabit it.

• Collective Decision-Making:

The Ashaninka prioritize collective decision-making. Leaders and elders consult with the community to make significant choices, including land use and resource management. This participatory approach reflects their belief in the collective wisdom and well-being of the group over individual interests.

Challenges and Resilience:

Both the Shipibo and Ashaninka face formidable challenges in today's world:

• Land Rights and Deforestation: Both groups struggle to protect their ancestral lands from encroachment by logging, mining, and agricultural interests, which threaten not only their way of life but also the Amazon rainforest itself.
• Disease and External Influences: Contact with outsiders can introduce diseases and disrupt traditional ways of life. Despite these challenges, both groups are resilient and actively seek ways to protect their lands, cultures, and cosmovisión.
• Cultural Revitalization: Efforts are being made to revitalize their cultural heritage, including language, traditional practices, and rituals. Cultural preservation is essential for maintaining their cosmovisión and passing it on to future generations.

In conclusion, the cosmological beliefs and practices of the Shipibo and Ashaninka indigenous peoples are deeply intertwined with their environment, spirituality, and sense of community. These worldviews emphasize the sacredness of nature, the importance of living in harmony with it, and the need for collective decision-making and consensus-building. In the face of external challenges, these communities continue to draw strength from their cosmovisión, advocating for their rights and the protection of the Amazon rainforest, which they consider a vital part of their cultural and spiritual identity.

https://www.infoartes.pe/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/AMAZONISTAS_web_baja.pdf